The Association of Covid-19 Outbreak with Cancer Patients: Association of COVID-19 Outbreak with Cancer Patients

Wardha  Ghaffar; Maha Noor; Parsikla  Akram; shehla javaid

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i5.438

Authors

Wardha Ghaffar University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Maha Noor University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Parsikla Akram University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
shehla javaid University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i5.438

Keywords:

SARS-COV-2, COVID-19, Cancer, RAAS, Spike proteins

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 was perceived in China which forms a pandemic within weeks and affected the whole world population. Unfortunately, some people who were already suffering from cancer were affected severely and had more disease severity. COVID-19 badly affected cancer diagnosis and treatment resulting in increased mortality rate. A major issue that cancer patients had to face was a lack of access to necessary health care. The “Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)” plays a role in cancer development, it was observed that COVID-19 affects the functioning of RAAS by affecting the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme -2 (ACE-2) receptor with the assistance of spike proteins to gain entrance into the cells. It was proved that the ACE 2 receptor is a major link between cancer and COVID-19. Cancer patients are very sensitive to COVID-19 due to “macrophages”. Macrophages induce inflammatory responses in both cancer and COVID-19 patients. It was also observed that COVID-19 may create a microenvironment for cancer development by increasing the activation of macrophages, and neutrophils as well as causing the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines.

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