Hepatoprotective and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Crude methanolic extract of Euphorbia pilulifera via NF-KB/Nrf2/Akt/TGF-β1 pathway: Crude Methanolic Extract of Euphorbia pilulifera

Ammara  Shams; Koloko  Brice Landry; Faiza  Shams; Somayya  Tariq; Ayesha  Azeem; Hamza  Anjum; Noreen  Latief; Kausar  Malik; Bushra  Ijaz

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i5.487

Authors

Ammara Shams Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Koloko Brice Landry University Institute of Technology, University of Douala-Cameroon
Faiza Shams Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Somayya Tariq Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Ayesha Azeem Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Hamza Anjum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Noreen Latief Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Kausar Malik Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore
Bushra Ijaz Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i5.487

Keywords:

Liver Fibrosis, Cirrhosis, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hepatoprotective, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is a natural process that initiates after liver injury to repair the damaged tissue. The liver has a significant capacity for self-repair of the damaged tissue. To a great extent, the miscellaneous interactions of immune cell subtypes manage these repair procedures like fibrosis and wound healing. Objectives: To assess the hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of Euphorbia pilulifera through modulating the NF-KB/Nrf2/AKT/TGF-β1 pathway. Methods: Euphorbia pilulifera methanolic extract was primarily assessed for its cytotoxic potential against HepG2 cells. Methanolic extract of E. pilulifera showed 90% hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄- induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. The methanolic extract downregulated the NF-κB gene by 90%; the AKT, gene by 14%, and the TGF-β1 gene expression by 69% at the concentration of 50µg/ml at the mRNA level. On the other hand, methanolic extract of E. pilulifera increased the expression of the Nrf2 gene by 44% at 50µg/ml concentration. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of leaves extract through DPPH radical scavenging assay was estimated. Results: Methanolic extract showed 50.83± 0.39% inhibition against DPPH radicals at 200µg/ml concentration. In addition, the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude extract was assessed. The methanolic extract at 25µg/ml concentration revealed the maximum percentage of hemolysis protection. The methanolic extract was found highly effective against inflammation and hepatotoxicity. Conclusions: Euphorbia pilulifera leaf extract has the potential to ameliorate hepatic injury and inflammation in HepG2 cells.

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