Sonographic Evaluation of Fetal Complications in Gestational Diabetes During 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy

Fetal Complications in Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is becoming more common everywhere around the globe. Objective: To sonographically assess the complications of gestational diabetes in fetuses associated with gestational diabetes during 3^rd trimester of pregnancy Methods: A cross-sectional investigation has been carried out in Mother Care Hospital, Gujranwala. All subjects signed an informed consent form in written prior to ultrasound examination. 700 participants were enrolled in this study, among them 60(8.1%) pregnant women during 3^rd trimester and at term diagnosed with GDM by glucose tolerance tests as diabetics. Patients were 29.5 years old on average, and the average Gestational age was 30.4 weeks. Estimated fetal weight was derived from ultrasound measures using the Hadlock2 equation. Patients were assessed for eligibility in inclusion criteria. Results: Out of a total of 700 women, 60(8.1%) were diagnosed as GDM and studied. Their minimum age was 21 years and maximum age was 40 years, the mean age was 32±4.04 years. Other studies have found that increasing maternal age is connected with an increase in the prevalence of GDM. Among the studied cases, most frequent complication was macrosomia 27(45%) and 12(20%) have no fetal complication by GDM. LGA 7(11.7%), polyhydramnios 5(8.3%), SGA and placental changes 3(5%), SGA 2(3.3%) and placental changes 2(3.3%) was evaluate. Conclusion: 8.1 percent of pregnant women were diagnosed with GDM. The majority of the ladies were beyond the age of 25 and had many children. Macrosomia and Polyhydramnios were the most prevalent fetal complications, hence caesarean surgery was a typical technique of birth.