Factors Associated with Diabetic Foot Ulceration among Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients at Dow University Hospital, Karachi: Diabetic Foot Ulceration

Syed Muhammad Adnan; Samreen Fatima; Syed Muhammad Hasan

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v7i09.743

Authors

Syed Muhammad Adnan Department of Community Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
Samreen Fatima Department of Statistics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Syed Muhammad Hasan Department of National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v7i09.743

Keywords:

Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Glycemic Control, Logistic Regression, Diabetic Neuropathy

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the important problems related to diabetes which affects the quality of life of the diabetic patients. Objective: To determine the factors (demographic characteristics, glycemic control, CVD or CKD) associated with diabetic foot ulceration among diabetic patients. Methods: A registered patient’s data taken from Dow University Hospital (DUH), Karachi.The multiple risk factors which includedphysical activity, smoking status, dietary intakes, duration of diabetes and co-morbidities. Multiple logistic regression and STATA version 15 was used to analyze the overall results and p value < 0.05 was considered to statistically significant.Results: In DM Type 2 patients, 664(71.4%) were male and 266 (28.6%) were female and the median age was 53.23 years.The hypertensive patients were 4.33 times higher risk of developing DFU (OR=4.33, 95% CI: 2.11-8.89, p<0.001) and the CVD patients was 2.67 times higher risk of developing DFU (OR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.25-5.68, p=0.011). The diabetic patients who did regularly exercises were 68% less chances of risk of developing DFU (OR=1.68, 95% CI: 0.16-0.74 p=0.006). On the other hand, the diabetic patients for regular foot checkup were 2.02 times less chances of developing DFU (OR=2.04, 95% CI: 0.02-0.11 p<0.001).According to evaluation of HADS, the anxiety (p=0.023) and depression (p<0.01) score were more increased in DFU patients as compare to without DFU patients. Conclusion: Risk factors (age, BMI, duration of diabetes, physical activity, co- morbidities and anxiety and depression) were highly connected with DM type 2 diabetic foot ulcers patients.

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