CD4 count and Gender based hematological profile of HIV patients, in Punjab Pakistan

Authors

  • Muhammad Zaheer Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Sana Shabbir Malik Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Hasnain Javed Punjab Aids Control Program, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Fadia Waheed Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Muhammad Ahsan Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Muhammad Irfan Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Warda Fatima Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore
  • Afifa . Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics punjab university Lahore
  • Maham khalid Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics punjab university Lahore

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i3.352

Abstract

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) belong to family of human retroviruses of lentivirus subfamily. This virus hits the patient’s immune system by destroying important cells that fight against disease and infection. Different parameters like Total Leucocytes count TLC, Hb level, platelets count and among male and female were observed.Study of different parameters in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) patientsfrom different areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Complete blood count (CBC), Hb Level, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), Platelets count, Total Leucocytes count TLC was done using kits and screening methods.RNA extraction and PCR was done for future analysis.HIV positive males develop anemia and about 9.3% (11) patients are suffering from leukocytosis. 12% of HIV positive males develop thrombocytopenia while 8% have thrombocytosis.

References

AKELE, R., OLAYANJU, A., BALA, N. D. & IREC, J. 2015. HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN H UMAN I MMUNODEFICIENCY V IRUS POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS ON DIFFERENT HAART REGIMEN. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4.

BERSHTEYN, A., MUTAI, K. K., AKULLIAN, A. N., KLEIN, D. J., JEWELL, B. L. & MWALILI, S. M. 2018. The influence of mobility among high-risk populations on HIV transmission in Western Kenya. Infectious Disease Modelling, 3, 97-106.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2018.04.001

BHUVANDAS, D. & GUNDIMEDA, H. 2020. Welfare impacts of transport fuel price changes on Indian households: An application of LA-AIDS model. Energy Policy, 144, 111583.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111583

CAPPELLINI, M. D. & MOTTA, I. Anemia in clinical practice-definition and classification: does hemoglobin change with aging? Seminars in hematology, 2015. Elsevier, 261-269.

https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.07.006

CHANDRA, S. R., ADVANI, S., KUMAR, R., PRASAD, C. & PAI, A. R. 2017. Factors determining the clinical spectrum, course and response to treatment, and complications in seronegative patients with central nervous system tuberculosis. Journal of neurosciences in rural practice, 8, 241.

https://doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_466_16

CLEVENGER, B. & RICHARDS, T. 2015. Pre‐operative anaemia. Anaesthesia, 70, 20-e8.

https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.12918

DAGNEW, A. F., ILHAN, O., LEE, W.-S., WOSZCZYK, D., KWAK, J.-Y., BOWCOCK, S., SOHN, S. K., MACÍAS, G. R., CHIOU, T.-J. & QUIEL, D. 2019. Immunogenicity and safety of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in adults with haematological malignancies: a phase 3, randomised, clinical trial and post-hoc efficacy analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 19, 988-1000.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30163-X

DESAI, M. A., OKAL, D. O., ROSE, C. E., NDIVO, R., OYARO, B., OTIENO, F. O., WILLIAMS, T., CHEN, R. T., ZEH, C. & SAMANDARI, T. 2017. Effect of point-of-care CD4 cell count results on linkage to care and antiretroviral initiation during a home-based HIV testing campaign: a non-blinded, cluster-randomised trial. The Lancet HIV, 4, e393-e401.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(17)30091-7

FORD, N., MEINTJES, G., POZNIAK, A., BYGRAVE, H., HILL, A., PETER, T., DAVIES, M.-A., GRINSZTEJN, B., CALMY, A. & KUMARASAMY, N. 2015. The future role of CD4 cell count for monitoring antiretroviral therapy. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 15, 241-247.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70896-5

FREED, E. O. 2015. HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 13, 484-496.

https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3490

FUSTER, F., VARGAS, J. I., JENSEN, D., SARMIENTO, V., ACUÑA, P., PEIRANO, F., FUSTER, F., ARAB, J. P., MARTÍNEZ, F. & SOTO, S. 2016. CD4/CD8 ratio as a predictor of the response to HBV vaccination in HIV-positive patients: A prospective cohort study. Vaccine, 34, 1889-1895.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.055

GHEIBI, Z., SHAYAN, Z., JOULAEI, H., FARAROUEI, M., BEHESHTI, S. & SHOKOOHI, M. 2019. Determinants of AIDS and non-AIDS related mortality among people living with HIV in Shiraz, southern Iran: a 20-year retrospective follow-up study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 19, 1-11.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4676-x

GOLUBOVSKAYA, V. & WU, L. 2016. Different subsets of T cells, memory, effector functions, and CAR-T immunotherapy. Cancers, 8, 36.

https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers8030036

HEKİMOĞLU, C. H., KAPTAN, F., VARDAR, I., URAL, S., TÜRKER, N., ÖRMEN, B., SEZAK, N. & EL, S. 2017. Prevalence and associated factors of thrombocytopenia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients at a tertiary care hospital in Izmir, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 47, 69-75.

https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1510-140

HØJEN, J. F., RASMUSSEN, T. A., ANDERSEN, K. L. D., WINCKELMANN, A. A., LAURSEN, R. R., GUNST, J. D., MØLLER, H. J., FUJITA, M., ØSTERGAARD, L. & SØGAARD, O. S. 2015. Interleukin-37 expression is increased in chronic HIV-1-infected individuals and is associated with inflammation and the size of the total viral reservoir. Molecular Medicine, 21, 337-345.

https://doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2015.00031

KALATEH SADATI, A., TAHERI, V., JOULAEI, H. & HEMMATI, S. 2019. Experience of stigma by women infected with HIV by their husbands: A qualitative study. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 8.

https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.69185

KATEMBA, C., MUZOORA, C., MUWANGUZI, E., MWAMBI, B., ATUHAIRWE, C. & TAREMWA, I. M. 2018. Hematological abnormalities in HIV-antiretroviral therapy naïve clients as seen at an immune suppression syndrome clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, southwestern Uganda. Journal of blood medicine, 9, 105.

https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S157148

KUMAR, P., SAREEN, N., AGRAWAL, S., KATHURIA, N., YADAV, S. & SETHI, V. 2018. Screening maternal acute malnutrition using adult mid-upper arm circumference in resource-poor settings. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 43, 132.

KWENTI, T. E. 2018. Malaria and HIV coinfection in sub-Saharan Africa: prevalence, impact, and treatment strategies. Research and reports in tropical medicine, 9, 123.

https://doi.org/10.2147/RRTM.S154501

LAHOTI, S., RAO, K., UMADEVI, H. & MISHRA, L. 2017. Correlation of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV-infected patients in an ART center with CD4 counts. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 28, 549.

https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_352_16

LEE, E.-J., DYKAS, D. J., LEAVITT, A. D., CAMIRE, R. M., EBBERINK, E., GARCÍA DE FRUTOS, P., GNANASAMBANDAN, K., GU, S. X., HUNTINGTON, J. A. & LENTZ, S. R. 2017. Whole-exome sequencing in evaluation of patients with venous thromboembolism. Blood advances, 1, 1224-1237.

https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2017005249

LOGIE, C. H., NEWMAN, P. A., WEAVER, J., ROUNGKRAPHON, S. & TEPJAN, S. 2016. HIV-related stigma and HIV prevention uptake among young men who have sex with men and transgender women in Thailand. AIDS patient care and STDs, 30, 92-100.

https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2015.0197

LOU, J., CHENG, J., LI, Y., ZHANG, C., XING, H., RUAN, Y. & SHAO, Y. 2018. Comparison of different strategies for controlling HIV/AIDS spreading in MSM. Infectious Disease Modelling, 3, 293-300.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2018.10.002

MARCHIONATTI, A. & PARISI, M. M. 2020. Anemia and thrombocytopenia in people living with HIV/AIDS: a narrative literature review. International Health.

https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaa036

MASUPE, T., EL-HALABI, S., AULD, A., CHEBANI, T., MLAUDZI, N., MARLINKA, R., FARAHANI, M., GABAAKE, K., NKOMAZANA, O. & LEBELONYANE, R. 2016. Trends and determinants of survival for over 200 000 patients on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana National Program: 2002-2013.

MURPHY, A. J., BARBARO, J. M., MARTINEZ AGUADO, P., CHILUNDA, V., JAUREGUIBERRY-BRAVO, M. & BERMAN, J. W. 2019. The Effects of Opioids on HIV Neuropathogenesis. Frontiers in immunology, 10, 2445.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02445

MYERS, D. R., LAU, T., MARKEGARD, E., LIM, H. W., KASLER, H., ZHU, M., BARCZAK, A., HUIZAR, J. P., ZIKHERMAN, J. & ERLE, D. J. 2017. Tonic LAT-HDAC7 signals sustain Nur77 and Irf4 expression to tune naive CD4 T cells. Cell reports, 19, 1558-1571.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.076

ORGANIZATION, W. H. 2016. Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care for key populations.

PARK, B., KUMAR, M., NAGALLA, S., DE SIMONE, N., ASTER, R., PADMANABHAN, A., SARODE, R. & RAMBALLY, S. 2018. Intravenous immunoglobulin as an adjunct therapy in persisting heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 57, 561-565.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2018.06.007

PLOTZKER, R., SEEKAEW, P., JANTARAPAKDE, J., PENGNONYANG, S., TRACHUNTHONG, D., LINJONGRAT, D., JANYAM, S., NAKPOR, T., CHAROENYING, S. & MILLS, S. 2017. Importance of risk perception: predictors of PrEP acceptance among Thai MSM and TG women at a community-based health service. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 76, 473-481.

https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000001536

RIPPERGER, T., BIELACK, S. S., BORKHARDT, A., BRECHT, I. B., BURKHARDT, B., CALAMINUS, G., DEBATIN, K. M., DEUBZER, H., DIRKSEN, U. & ECKERT, C. 2017. Childhood cancer predisposition syndromes-a concise review and recommendations by the Cancer Predisposition Working Group of the Society for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology. American journal of medical genetics Part A, 173, 1017-1037.

https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.38142

RODRIGUEZ-TORRES, M., GAGGAR, A., SHEN, G., KIRBY, B., SVAROVSKAIA, E., BRAINARD, D., SYMONDS, W. T., MCHUTCHISON, J. G., GONZALEZ, M. & RODRIGUEZ-ORENGO, J. 2015. Sofosbuvir for chronic hepatitis C virus infection genotype 1-4 in patients coinfected with HIV. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 68, 543-549.

https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000516

SALEH, S., VRANCKX, L., GIJSBERS, R., CHRIST, F. & DEBYSER, Z. 2017. Insight into HIV-2 latency may disclose strategies for a cure for HIV-1 infection. Journal of virus eradication, 3, 7.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S2055-6640(20)30300-9

SHAVA, E., MOYO, S., ZASH, R., DISEKO, M., DINTWA, E. N., MUPFUMI, L., MABUTA, J., MAYONDI, G., CHEN, J. Y. & LOCKMAN, S. 2019. Brief Report: High Rates of Adverse Birth Outcomes in HIV and Syphilis Coinfected Women in Botswana. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 81, e135-e140.

https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002082

SPANIER, J. A., NASHOLD, F. E., MAYNE, C. G., NELSON, C. D. & HAYES, C. E. 2015. Vitamin D and estrogen synergy in Vdr-expressing CD4+ T cells is essential to induce Helios+ FoxP3+ T cells and prevent autoimmune demyelinating disease. Journal of neuroimmunology, 286, 48-58.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.06.015

TSUCHIYA, N., HOSONO, A., YOSHIKAWA, T., SHODA, K., NOSAKA, K., SHIMOMURA, M., HARA, J., NITANI, C., MANABE, A. & YOSHIHARA, H. 2018. Phase I study of glypican-3-derived peptide vaccine therapy for patients with refractory pediatric solid tumors. Oncoimmunology, 7, e1377872.

https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2017.1377872

WAICKMAN, A. T., LIGONS, D. L., HWANG, S., PARK, J.-Y., LAZAREVIC, V., SATO, N., HONG, C. & PARK, J.-H. 2017. CD4 effector T cell differentiation is controlled by IL-15 that is expressed and presented in trans. Cytokine, 99, 266-274.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2017.08.004

Downloads

Published

2022-03-31
CITATION
DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i3.352
Published: 2022-03-31

How to Cite

Zaheer, M. ., Shabbir Malik, S. ., Javed, H. ., Waheed, F. ., Ahsan , M. ., Irfan, M., Fatima, W. ., ., A., & khalid, M. . (2022). CD4 count and Gender based hematological profile of HIV patients, in Punjab Pakistan. Pakistan BioMedical Journal, 5(3), 115–119. https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i3.352

Issue

Section

Original Article

Plaudit

Most read articles by the same author(s)