Effects of Standing Board on Antigravity Muscles in Children with Cerebral Palsy Aging between 3 to 10 Years; A Multi-Centered Randomized Control Trial
Effects of Standing Board on Antigravity Muscles in Children with Cerebral Palsy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v7i02.1033Keywords:
Cerebral Palsy, Pediatric Studies, Antigravity Muscles, Standing BoardAbstract
Cerebral palsy is one of the most common conditions contributing to childhood motor disability. It is usually categorized by a diverse range of gait abnormalities making ambulation very challenging. Standing board/frame has been a widely used physical therapy intervention practiced globally. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a standing board on the antigravity muscles among cerebral palsy children aged between 3 to 10 years. Methods: A 6-months experimental study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan on children suffering from cerebral palsy. They were assessed for weight-bearing status, alignment, and range of motion of the child’s hip and knee joints based on varying positions. Results: After 6 months of intervention, the ROM and muscle strength grading in groups X and Y remained unchanged. The mean duration of standing with support increased to 20.2 min and 19.3 min and without support to 9.5 min and 6.7 min, respectively. Conclusions: The use of a standing board amongst CP children with non-ambulatory status is much more apparent when used daily for at least 45 minutes. It is more effective in correspondence to the alignment of the hip and knee joints.
References
RENCES
Pin TW. Effectiveness of static weight-bearing exercises in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 2007 Apr; 19(1): 62-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0b013e3180302111
Abd-Elfattah HM, Galal DO, Aly MI, Aly SM, Elnegamy TE. Effect of pilates exercises on standing, walking, and balance in children with diplegic cerebral palsy. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2022 Feb; 46(1): 45. doi: 10.5535/arm.21148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.21148
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cerebral Palsy. [Last Cited: 17th Feb 2024]. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/cp/index.html.
McIntyre S, Goldsmith S, Webb A, Ehlinger V, Hollung SJ, McConnell K et al. Global prevalence of cerebral palsy: A systematic analysis. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2022 Dec; 64(12): 1494-506. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.15346
The Express Tribune. Cerebral palsy cases rising in Pakistan. [Last Cited: 17th Feb 2024]. Available at: https://tribune.com.pk/story/2267279/cerebral-palsy-cases-rising-in-pakistan.
Sadowska M, Sarecka-Hujar B, Kopyta I. Cerebral palsy: current opinions on definition, epidemiology, risk factors, classification and treatment options. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2020 Jun: 1505-18. doi: 10.2147/ndt. s235165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S235165
Kim SJ, Kim SN, Yang YN, Lee IS, Koh SE. Effect of weight bearing exercise to improve bone mineral density in children with cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions. 2017 Dec; 17(4): 334.
Kim C. Comprehensive Physiotherapy Approaches for Children with Cerebral Palsy: Overview and Contemporary Trends. Physical Therapy Korea. 2023 Nov; 30(4): 253-60. doi: 10.12674/ptk.2023.30.4.253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2023.30.4.253
Song EJ, Lee EJ, Kwon HY. The effects of sling exercise program on balance and body activities in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. 2021 Dec; 17(6): 410. doi: 10.12965/jer.2142608.304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2142608.304
Stuberg WA. Considerations related to weight-bearing programs in children with developmental disabilities. Physical Therapy. 1992 Jan; 72(1): 35-40. doi: 10.1093/ptj/72.1.35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/72.1.35
Livingstone RW and Paleg GS. Use of Overground Supported-Stepping Devices for Non-Ambulant Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Cerebral Palsy: A Scoping Review. Disabilities. 2023 Mar; 3(2): 165-95. doi: 10.3390/disabilities3020012. doi: 10.3390/disabilities3020012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities3020012
Cho HJ and Lee BH. Effect of functional progressive resistance exercise on lower extremity structure, muscle tone, dynamic balance and functional ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Children. 2020 Jul; 7(8): 85. doi: 10.3390/children7080085. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children7080085
Sato H. Postural deformity in children with cerebral palsy: Why it occurs and how is it managed. Physical Therapy Research. 2020 Jun; 23(1): 8-14. doi: 10.1298/ptr. r0008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1298/ptr.R0008
Saavedra and Goodworth AD. Postural control in children and youth with cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy. Springer; 2020: 2565-86. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-74558-9_161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74558-9_161
Goodwin J, Lecouturier J, Basu A, Colver A, Crombie S, Smith J et al. Standing frames for children with cerebral palsy: a mixed-methods feasibility study. Health Technology Assessment. 2018 Sep; 22(50). doi: 10.3310/hta22500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3310/hta22500
Murphy KP, Gueron L, McMillin C, Marben KB. Health Parameters in Standing and Nonstanding Nonambulatory Adults with Cerebral Palsy. Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation. 2021 Jun; 3(2): 100110. doi: 10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100110
Rodby-Bousquet E, Agustsson A. Postural Asymmetries and Assistive Devices Used by Adults With Cerebral Palsy in Lying, Sitting, and Standing. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021 Dec; 12: 758706. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.758706. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.758706
Rauf W, Sarmad S, Khan I, Jawad M. Effect of position on gross motor function and spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy children. Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2021 Mar; 71(3): 801-5. doi: 10.47391/jpma.1213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.1213
Livingstone RW, Paleg GS, Field DA. Supported standing and stepping device use in young children with cerebral palsy, gross motor function classification system III, IV and V: a descriptive study. Assistive Technology. 2023 Dec: 1-1. doi: 10.1080/10400435.2023.2283461. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2023.2283461
Gibson SK, Sprod JA, Maher CA. The use of standing frames for contracture management for nonmobile children with cerebral palsy. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2009 Dec; 32(4): 316-23. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0b013e32831e4501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MRR.0b013e32831e4501
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan BioMedical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments editor@pakistanbmj.com