Comparison Of Polycystic Ovaries In Obese And Non-Obese Patients: Polycystic Ovaries in Obese and Non-Obese Patients

Kinza  Rasool; Syeda   Khadija; Anam  Fazal; Raisa  Shazadi; Wajiha  Zafar; Amna  Sana

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v4i2.156

Authors

Kinza Rasool University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan
Syeda Khadija University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan
Anam Fazal University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan
Raisa Shazadi University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan
Wajiha Zafar University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan
Amna Sana University Institute of Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology, The University Of Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v4i2.156

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a very common female endocrine; metabolic and reproductive disorder mainly affects females of reproductive age. It is multiple organ disorder affects 5 to 10 % female population. The world occurrence of PCOS is 105 million in the age ranges from 15 to 45. This metabolic dysfunction is closely related with obesity, hirsutism, acne and pregnancy complications. Around 5-10% of female population is affected, obese women are more prone to PCOS. Objective: To evaluate the comparison of polycystic ovaries between obese and non-obese females. Methods: A literature search was performed with the use of search engines. The following search engines provided the articles for this systematic review, PubMed, Medscape, NCBI, and Google Scholar. For article searching following keywords were used; Polycystic ovaries, obese and non-obese. Results: As literature reviewed of 30 articles and only 39 were included in this review, it is found that Mean age of all subjects was 24-35 year. Obese 20-29 year and non-obese 19-35 year. Hirsutism was observed mostly in obese patient of PCOs and not observed in non-obese. Incidence of Amenorrhea was higher in non-obese than obese patients. Acne was observed in all patients.Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a significant effect of obesity on clinical features of patients with PCOS.

References

Taylor, A.E. Understanding the Underlying Metabolic Abnormalities of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Their Implications. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1998; 179: S94- S100.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70239-X

Goldzieher, J.W. & Green, J.A. The Polycystic Ovary: Clinical and Histological Features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1962; 22: 325-338.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-22-3-325

Conway, G.S., Honour, J.W., & Jacobs, H.S. Heterogeneity of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Clinical, Endocrine and Ultrasound Features in 556 Patients. Clin.Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 1989; 30: 459-470

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00446.x

Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. The Prevalence And Features Of The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In An Unselected Population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:2745-2749.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-032046

Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Kouli CR, Bergiele AT, Et Al. A Survey Of The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In The Greek Island Of Lesbos: Hormonal And Metabolic Profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84: 4006-4011.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.84.11.6148

Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R. Prevalence Of The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In Unselected Black And White Women Of The Southeastern United States: A Prospective Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3078-3082.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.83.9.3078

Michelmore KF, Balen AH, Dunger DB, Vessey MP. Polycystic Ovaries And Associated Clinical And Biochemical Features In Young Women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999;51:779-786.

https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00886.x

Asuncion M, Calvo RM, San Millan JL, Sancho J, Avila S, Escobarmorreale HF. A Prospective Study Of The Prevalence Of The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In Unselected Caucasian Women From Spain. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:2434-2438.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.85.7.2434

March WA, Moore VM, Willson KJ, Phillips DI, Norman RJ, Davies MJ. The Prevalence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In A Community Sample Assessed Under Contrasting Diagnostic Criteria. Hum Reprod. 2010;25(2): 544-551.

https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep399

Mehrabian F, Khani B, Kelishadi R, Ghanbari E. The Prevalence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In Iranian Women Based On Different Diagnostic Criteria. Endokrynol Pol. 2011;62(3):238-242.

Tehrani FR, Simbar M, Tohidi M, Hoseinpanah F, Azizi F. The Prevalence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In A Community Sample Of Iranian Population: Iranian PCOS Prevalence Study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2011;9:39.

https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-9-39

Yildiz BO, Bozdag G, Yapici Z, Esinler I, Yarali H. Prevalence, Phenotype And Cardiometabolic Risk Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Under Different Diagnostic Criteria. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(10):3067-3073.

https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des232

Chang RJ, Nakamura RM, Judd HL, Kaplan SA. Insulin Resistance In Nonobese Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab1983;57:356-9.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-57-2-356

Dunaif A, Segal KR, Futtereweit W, Drobrjansky A. Profound Peripheral Insulin Resistance, Independent Of Obesity, In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Diabetes 1989;38:1165-74.

https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.38.9.1165

Alila Medical Media/Shutterstock

Souter I, Sanchez L, Perez M, Bartolucci A, Azziz R. The Prevalence Of Androgen Excess Among Patients With Minimal Unwanted Hair Growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191:1914-1920.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.06.064

Azziz R, Sanchez L, Knochenhauer ES, Et Al. Androgen Excess In Women: Experience With Over 1000 Consecutive Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(2):453-462.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-031122

Fauser B, Tarlatzis B, Rebar R, Et Al. Consensus On Women's Health Aspects Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Amsterdam ESHRE/ ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. FertilSteril. 2012;97(1):28-38. E25.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024

Ferriman D, Gallwey J. Clinical Assessment Of Body Hair Growth In Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1961;21:1440-1447.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440

Unluhizarci K, Kaltsas G, Kelestimur F. Non Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Related Endocrine Disorders Associated With Hirsutism. Eur J Clin Invest. 2012;42(1):86-94.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02550.x

Adams J, Polson D, Franks S. Prevalence Of Polycystic Ovaries In Women With Anovulation And Idiopathic Hirsutism. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986;293(6543):355-359.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6543.355

Wijeyaratne CN, Balen AH, Barth JH, Belchetz PE. Clinical Manifestations And Insulin Resistance (IR) In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Among South Asians And Caucasians: Is There A Difference? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2002;57:343-350.

https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2265.2002.01603.x

Eden J. The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Presenting As Resistant Acne Successfully Treated With Cyproterone Acetate. Med J Aust. 1991;155(10):677-680.

https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb93959.x

Teede H, Deeks A, Moran L. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Complex Condition With Psychological, Reproductive And Metabolic Manifestations That Impacts On Health Across The Lifespan. BMC Med. 2010;8:41.

https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-8-41

Brassard M, Ainmelk Y, Baillargeon JP. Basic Infertility Including Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Med Clin North Am. 2008;92: 1163-1192.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2008.04.008

Glueck C, Phillips H, Cameron D, Sieve-Smith L, Wang P. Continuing Metformin Throughout Pregnancy In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Appears To Safely Reduce First-Trimester Spontaneous Abortion: A Pilot Study. FertilSteril. 2001;75(1):46- 52.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(00)01666-6

Jakubowicz DJ, Iuorno MJ, Jakubowicz S, Roberts K, Nestler JE. Effects Of Metformin On Early Pregnancy Loss In The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(2):524-529

https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.87.2.8207

Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 Consensus On Diagnostic Criteria And Longterm Health Risks Related To Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. FertilSteril. 2004;81:19-25.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004

Lujan ME, Jarrett BY, Brooks ED, Et Al. Updated Ultrasound Criteria For Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Reliable Thresholds For Elevated Follicle Population And Ovarian Volume. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(5):1361-1368.

https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det062

Dewailly D, Gronier H, Poncelet E, Et Al. Diagnosis Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Revisiting The Threshold Values Of Follicle Count On Ultrasound And Of The Serum AMH Level For The Definition Of Polycystic Ovaries. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(11):3123-3129.

https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der297

Allemand MC, Tummon IS, Phy JL, Foong SC, Dumesic DA, Session DR. Diagnosis Of Polycystic Ovaries By Three-Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound. FertilSteril. 2006;85(1):214-219.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.1279

Ajossa S, Guerriero S, Paoletti AM, et al. Uterine perfusion and hormonal pattern in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2001;18:436.

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016686721307

Lobo RA. What are the key features of importance in polycystic ovary syndrome? FertilSteril 2003;80(August (2)):259-61

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00733-7

Cussons AJ, Stuckey BG, Walsh JP, Burke V, Norman RJ. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: marked differences between endocrinologists and gynaecologists in diagnosis and management. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005;62(March (3)):289- 95.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02208.x

Polson DW, Adams J, Wadsworth J, Franks S. Polycystic ovaries-a common finding in normal women. Lancet 1988;1(April (8590)):870-2.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(88)91612-1

Jonard S, Robert Y, Dewailly D. Revisiting the ovarian volume as a diagnostic criterion for polycystic ovaries. Hum Reprod 2005;20(October (10)):2893-8.

https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei159

Stein IF, Leventhal ML (1935): Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J ObstetGynecol, 29:181-91.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(15)30642-6

Siddiqui, I.A., Tamimi, W., Tamim, H. et al. A study on clinical and sonographic features in obese and nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 281, 467-471 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1124-y

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1124-y

Goldhiezer JW, Zereg GS (1985):Polycystic ovarian disease in clinical reproductive endocrinology.Sherman RP,406.

Gambineri A, Pelusi C, VicennatiV,Pagotto U (2002):Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J ObesRelMetab Disord,26:883-96.

https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801994

Cosar E, Koken G, Sahin FK, Arioz DT &Yilmazer M. Insulin sensitivity does not differentiate by hirsutism in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine Journal 2008 55 465-468. (doi:10.1507/endocrj.K07-069)

https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.K07-069