Characterization of portal vein and other abdominal organs in portal hypertension patients using ultrasound

Portal Vein and Other Abdominal Organs in Portal Hypertension Patients

Authors

  • . Sehrish University Institute of Radiological and Medical Imaging Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus
  • Akash John University Institute of Radiological and Medical Imaging Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus
  • Abid Ali Department of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Radiological and Medical Imaging Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus
  • Urwa Nasir University Institute of Radiological and Medical Imaging Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus
  • Warda Kiran University Institute of Radiological and Medical Imaging Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i4.330

Keywords:

Portal hypertension, Cirrhosis, Splenomegaly, Ascites, CoarseTexture

Abstract

Portal hypertension occurs when the venous pressure increases in the portal vein due to some pathological changes such as liver cirrhosis, which results in an increased diameter of the portal and splenic vein. Objective: To assess and characterize the portal vein and other abdominal organs in portal hypertension patients using ultrasound to minimize the incidence of serious and life-threatening consequences of portal hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 108 patients was carried out in five months, in a private hospital in Gujranwala. The subjects of age > 30 years were included with other considered variables such as gender, portal and splenic vein diameter, size, and characteristics pattern of the liver & spleen size with other abdominal complications. After taking informed written consent, patients were examined in a supine position using Mindray DC-3 Ultrasound Machine with a convex probe of 3.5 MHz’s frequency. After collecting data, it was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The study revealed that 73.1% of patients were predominantly male with a male-to-female ratio and the patients in age between 50 – 59 years were more afflicted with this condition. 51.9% of patients were diagnosed with moderate dilatation of the portal vein and severe splenic vein dilatation was seen in 36.1% of the patients. The liver size was reduced in 75% of patients. 35.2% of patients were diagnosed with grossly enlarged spleen while the other 65% of patients were with mild and moderate splenomegaly. In 87% of patients, normal liver echotexture was changed into a heterogenous texture. Only 12% of patients were diagnosed with ascites and 27.8% with increased GB walls thickness. Conclusions: There was a notable link of portal hypertension with gender and age, as males of age between 50 – 59 years were commonly affected with this condition. Increased diameter of the portal and splenic vein, reduced liver size, splenomegaly, heterogeneous liver echotexture, ascites, and increased GB wall thickness were the common ultrasound findings in patients with portal hypertension.

References

Kalra A, Yetiskul E, Wehrle CJ, Tuma F. Physiology, liver. 2018.

Carneiro C, Brito J, Bilreiro C, Barros M, Bahia C, Santiago I, et al. All about portal vein: a pictorial display to anatomy, variants and physiopathology. Insights into Imaging. 2019;10(1):1-18.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-019-0716-8

Babeker AYA. Characterization of Portal Hypertension in North Gezira State using Ultrasonography: Sudan University of Science & Technology; 2019.

Team HE. Portal vein. 2018.

Das R, Chambers J, Arora A. Anatomy of Portal Vein System. Portal Vein Thrombosis: Springer; 2021. p. 1-22.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6538-4_1

Ibrahim RM. Characterization of abdominal organs in patient with portal hypertension using ultrasound: Sudan University of Science and Technology; 2019.

Weerakkody RoDY. Portal vein. 2022.

Harvey CJ, Lim AK. Vascular disorders of the liver. Clinical Ultrasound: Elsevier; 2011. p. 179-198.

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-3131-1.00012-2

Iranpour P, Lall C, Houshyar R, Helmy M, Yang A, Choi J-I, et al. Altered Doppler flow patterns in cirrhosis patients: an overview. Ultrasonography. 2016;35(1):3.

https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.15020

McNaughton DA, Abu-Yousef MM. Doppler US of the liver made simple. Radiographics. 2011;31(1):161-188.

https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.311105093

Collard M, Coche E, Dragean A, Halut M. Science Repository. 2019.

Iwakiri Y, Groszmann RJ. Pathophysiology of portal hypertension. Variceal Hemorrhage. 2014:3-14.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0002-2_1

Sharma M, Rameshbabu CS. Collateral pathways in portal hypertension. Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. 2012;2(4):338-352.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2012.08.001

Muriel P, Fernández-Martínez E, Montes S. Complications of cirrhosis: introduction. Liver Pathophysiology: Elsevier; 2017. p. 427-433.

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804274-8.00033-3

Buob S, Johnston A, Webster C. Portal hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Journal of veterinary internal medicine. 2011;25(2):169-186.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00691.x

Banerjee J. Portal hypertension. Medical Journal, Armed Forces India. 2012;68(3):276.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2012.04.008

Nakhleh RE. The pathological differential diagnosis of portal hypertension. Clinical Liver Disease. 2017;10(3):57.

https://doi.org/10.1002/cld.655

Carale J, Mukherjee S. Portal hypertension. eMedicine (3-10-2006). 2010.

Sharma B, John S. Hepatic cirrhosis. 2018.

Alhabeib HAA. Evaluation of Portal Hypertension among Sudanese Patients Using Ultrasonography: Sudan University of Science and Technology; 2018.

Simonetto DA, Liu M, Kamath PS, editors. Portal hypertension and related complications: diagnosis and management. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 2019: Elsevier.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.12.020

Berzigotti A, Ashkenazi E, Reverter E, Abraldes JG, Bosch J. Non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Disease markers. 2011;31(3):129-138.

https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/954812

Mendes FD, Suzuki A, Sanderson SO, Lindor KD, Angulo P. Prevalence and indicators of portal hypertension in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2012;10(9):1028-1033. e2.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.05.008

Bandali MF, Mirakhur A, Lee EW, Ferris MC, Sadler DJ, Gray RR, et al. Portal hypertension: imaging of portosystemic collateral pathways and associated image-guided therapy. World journal of gastroenterology. 2017;23(10):1735.

https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1735

Resende C, Lessa A, Goldenberg RC. Ultrasonic imaging in liver disease: from bench to bedside. Ultrasound Imaging-Medical Applications. 2011;23:127-130.

https://doi.org/10.5772/16878

Downloads

Published

2022-04-30
CITATION
DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i4.330
Published: 2022-04-30

How to Cite

Sehrish, ., John, A. ., Ali, A. ., Nasir, U. ., & Kiran, W. . (2022). Characterization of portal vein and other abdominal organs in portal hypertension patients using ultrasound: Portal Vein and Other Abdominal Organs in Portal Hypertension Patients. Pakistan BioMedical Journal, 5(4), 46–50. https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i4.330

Issue

Section

Original Article

Plaudit