Reversing the Polycystic Kidney Disease Using Dietary Modification: A Case Study: Reversing Polycystic Kidney Disease with Dietary Modification

Awais  Raza; Shanai  Basharat; Aimen  Zafar; Muhammad  Zia Shahid; Saadia  Ambreen; Anoosh  Fatima; Ana  Javaid; Syeda  Rida Ameen; Sania  Mumtaz; Ali  Ikram

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i7.669

Authors

Awais Raza University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Shanai Basharat University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Aimen Zafar University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Zia Shahid University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Saadia Ambreen University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Anoosh Fatima University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Ana Javaid Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Syeda Rida Ameen University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Sania Mumtaz University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Ali Ikram University Institute of Food Science & Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i7.669

Keywords:

Polycystic kidney disease, Cortisol hormone, Hematuria, Tenormin, Cumin and Ajwain

Abstract

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder in which the anomalous composition of the renal tubules results in the buildout of multiple cysts within the kidney. The genetic PKD mainly occurs between 30 to 40 years of age but acquired PKD can occur because of obesity, persistent high blood pressure, irregular eating patterns, and a sedentary lifestyle at any stage of life. The severe side or back pain, abdomen fullness, edema, hematuria, and weight gain are most common in both females and males. Several therapies are presented for PKD, including weight management, blood pressure control, medicaments like Tenormin, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the use of cumin along with ajwain in place of salt. Case Summary: This case reported a 30-years-old female approached for evaluation of hypertension, severe side or back pain, and high blood pressure as well as overweight with a sedentary lifestyle. Conclusion: Cortisol hormone levels were elevated with an increased level of creatinine and urea in the blood. Tenormin and DASH diet, and cumin and ajwain were the best treatment choices for PKD patients that need additional investigation before being recommended on a long-term basis and fruitful treatment result.

References

Taylor JM, Hamilton-Reeves JM, Sullivan DK, Gibson CA, Creed C, Carlson SE, et al. Diet and polycystic kidney disease: A pilot intervention study. Clinical Nutrition. 2017 Apr; 36(2):458-466. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.01.003.

Ma T, Lambert K. What are the information needs and concerns of individuals with Polycystic Kidney Disease? Results of an online survey using Facebook and social listening analysis. BMC Nephrology. 2021 Jul; 22(1):263. doi: 10.1186/s12882-021-02472-1.

Pickel L, Iliuta IA, Scholey J, Pei Y, Sung HK. Dietary Interventions in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Advances in Nutrition. 2021 Nov; 13(2):652–66. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab131.

Torres JA, Kruger SL, Broderick C, Amarlkhagva T, Agrawal S, Dodam JR, et al. Ketosis Ameliorates Renal Cyst Growth in Polycystic Kidney Disease. Cell Metabolism. 2019 De; 30(6):1007-1023.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.012.

Maxwell AP. Polycystic Kidney Disease. InPrimer on Nephrology. Springer, Cham. 2022: 1055-67. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-76419-7_60.

Lanktree MB, Haghighi A, Guiard E, Iliuta IA, Song X, Harris PC, et al. Prevalence Estimates of Polycystic Kidney and Liver Disease by Population Sequencing. Journal of American Society of Nephrology. 2018 Oct; 29(10):2593-2600. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2018050493.

Cornec-Le Gall E, Alam A, Perrone RD. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Lancet. 2019 Mar; 393(10174):919-935. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32782-X.

Bergmann C, Guay-Woodford LM, Harris PC, Horie S, Peters DJM, Torres VE. Polycystic kidney disease. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2018 Dec; 4(1):50. doi: 10.1038/s41572-018-0047-y.

Irazabal MV, Rangel LJ, Bergstralh EJ, Osborn SL, Harmon AJ, Sundsbak JL, et al. Imaging classification of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a simple model for selecting patients for clinical trials. Journal of American Society of Nephrology. 2015 Jan; 26(1):160-72. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013101138.

Kashyap S, Hein KZ, Chini CC, Lika J, Warner GM, Bale LK, et al. Metalloproteinase PAPP-A regulation of IGF-1 contributes to polycystic kidney disease pathogenesis. JCI Insight. 2020 Feb; 5(4):e135700. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.135700.

He J, Zhang S, Qiu Z, Li X, Huang H, Jin W, et al. Inhibiting Focal Adhesion Kinase Ameliorates Cyst Development in Polycystin-1-Deficient Polycystic Kidney Disease in Animal Model. Journal of American Society of Nephrology. 2021 Sep; 32(9):2159-2174. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2020111560.

Ranjan B, Manmohan S, Singh SR, Singh RB. Medicinal uses of Trachyspermum ammi: a review. The Pharma Research. 2011; 5(2):247-58.

Hannan MA, Zahan MS, Sarker PP, Moni A, Ha H, Uddin MJ. Protective Effects of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) and Its Bioactive Constituent, Thymoquinone against Kidney Injury: An Aspect on Pharmacological Insights. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021 Aug; 22(16):9078. doi: 10.3390/ijms22169078.

Ansari ZM, Nasiruddin M, Khan RA, Haque SF. Protective role of Nigella sativa in diabetic nephropathy: A randomized clinical trial. Saudi Journal of Kidney Disease and Transplantation. 2017 Feb; 28(1):9-14. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.198093.

Ardakani Movaghati MR, Yousefi M, Saghebi SA, Sadeghi Vazin M, Iraji A, Mosavat SH. Efficacy of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) on kidney stone dissolution: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research. 2019 May; 33(5):1404-1412. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6331.

Alam MA, Nasiruddin M, Haque SF, Khan RA. Evaluation of safety and efficacy profile of Nigella sativa oil as an add-on therapy, in addition to alpha-keto analogue of essential amino acids in patients with chronic kidney disease. Saudi Journal of Kidney Disease and Transplantation. 2020 Feb; 31(1):21-31. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.279943.

Hadjzadeh MA, Keshavarzi Z, Tabatabaee Yazdi SA, Ghasem Shirazi M, Rajaei Z, Khajavi Rad A. Effect of alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on cisplatin-induced toxicity in rat. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2012 Mar; 6(2):99-104.

De Lange-Jacobs P, Shaikh-Kader A, Thomas B, Nyakudya TT. An Overview of the Potential Use of Ethno-Medicinal Plants Targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Treatment of Hypertension. Molecules. 2020 Apr; 25(9):2114. doi: 10.3390/molecules25092114.

Yusuksawad M, Chaiyabutr N. Restoration of renal hemodynamics and functions during black cumin (Nigella sativa) administration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology. 2011 Dec; 4:1-7. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S26054.

Mousavi G. Study on the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa Linn.) on experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira. 2015 Aug; 30(8):542-50. doi: 10.1590/S0102-865020150080000005.

Bruen DM, Kingaard JJ, Munits M, Paimanta CS, Torres JA, Saville J, et al. Nu, a Dietary Program for Individuals with Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Implementing a Sustainable, Plant-Focused, Kidney-Safe, Ketogenic Approach with Avoidance of Renal Stressors. Kidney and Dialysis. 2022 Apr; 2(2):183-203. Doi: 10.3390/kidneydial2020020.

Carriazo S, Perez-Gomez MV, Cordido A, García-González MA, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, et al. Dietary Care for ADPKD Patients: Current Status and Future Directions. Nutrients. 2019 Jul; 11(7):1576. doi: 10.3390/nu11071576.

Meijer E, Gansevoort RT. Emerging non-pharmacological interventions in ADPKD: an update on dietary advices for clinical practice. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2021 Sep; 30(5):482-492. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000734.