Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Exclusive Breastfeeding among Lactating Mothers visiting Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study: Exclusive Breastfeeding among Lactating Mothers

Yusra  Fawad; Bahisht Rizwan; Hafiza Madiha  Jaffar; Maha  Ikram; Azeen  Rehman; Jawaria   Safdar; Eeman  Fatima; Wajid Ali  Zain; Abdullah  Tahir Cheema

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v6i06.888

Authors

Yusra Fawad University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Bahisht Rizwan University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Hafiza Madiha Jaffar University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Maha Ikram University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Azeen Rehman University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Jawaria Safdar University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Eeman Fatima University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Wajid Ali Zain University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Abdullah Tahir Cheema University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i06.888

Keywords:

Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, Lactating Mothers, Breastfeeding, Infant health

Abstract

Breastfeeding is important public health issues having numerous benefits for both infants and mothers but rates of exclusive breastfeeding remain low throughout the world. Several studies have investigated the factors that influence breastfeeding behaviors including maternal education, social support, and cultural beliefs. However, there is still much to be learned about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of lactating mothers and how these factors affect breastfeeding outcomes. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of exclusively breastfeeding among lactating women attending Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. Methods: The cross-sectional study is carried out in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. The study is conducted in 4 months from February 2023 to May 2023. SPSS version 21.0 is used for data analysis. In this research, all individuals aged from 18 to 40 years; mothers having infant of from 0-24 months from Pediatric, Gynecology Wards and OPD were included. In exclusion criteria: non-cooperative mothers. Mothers with psychological problems were not bothered. Mothers with severely ill infants (e.g., cleft palate) Results: 54% of mothers were within normal ranges of BMI and only 4% were within the range of obesity. In our study, 46% of lactating mothers had 1-2 children and 13% had 5 or more than 5 children. 67% of mothers believed breastfeeding helped gain optimal weight gain.44% of mothers gave their child colostrums. About 28 Children <4 months were breastfed less than 4 times. Conclusion: The study shows that mothers were well informed and had proper knowledge, positive attitude and behavior towards breastfeeding. Most of the lactating mothers know the benefits of breastfeeding for 2 years.

References

Labbok MH. Effects of breastfeeding on the mother. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2001 Feb; 48(1): 143-58. doi: 10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70290-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70290-X

Diana R and Adi AC. Mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development. 2019 Mar; 10(3): 887-92. doi: 10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00614.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00614.4

Alimoradi F, Javadi M, Barikani A, Kalantari N, Ahmadi M. An overview of importance of breastfeeding. Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics. 2014 May; 5(2). doi: 10.17795/compreped-14028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17795/compreped-14028

Choi HJ, Kang SK, Chung MR. The relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and infant development: A 6-and 12-month follow-up study. Early human development. 2018 Dec; 127: 42-7. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.08.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.08.011

Udoh EE and Amodu OK. Complementary feeding practices among mothers and nutritional status of infants in Akpabuyo Area, Cross River State Nigeria. SpringerPlus. 2016 Dec; 5: 1-9. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3751-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-3751-7

Mitchell-Box K, Braun KL, Hurwitz EL, Hayes DK. Breastfeeding attitudes: association between maternal and male partner attitudes and breastfeeding intent. Breastfeeding Medicine. 2013 Aug ; 8(4): 368-73. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2012.0135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2012.0135

Salcan S, Topal I, Ates I. The frequency and effective factors of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months in babies born in Erzincan Province in 2016. The Eurasian journal of medicine. 2019 Jun; 51(2): 145. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.18310 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.18310

Yasser Abulreesh R, Abdullah Alqahtani I, Yahya Alshehri Z, Ali Alsubaie M, Nasser Alburayh S, Mohammed Alzamil N, et al. Attitudes and Barriers to Breastfeeding among Mothers in Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Scientific World Journal. 2021 Jul; 2021: 1-9. doi: 10.1155/2021/5585849 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5585849

Huang P, Yao J, Liu X, Luo B. Individualized intervention to improve rates of exclusive breastfeeding: A randomised controlled trial. Medicine. 2019 Nov; 98(47). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017822 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017822

Yılmaz E, Yılmaz Z, Isık H, Gultekın IB, Timur H, Kara F, et al. Factors associated with breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding rates in Turkish adolescent mothers. Breastfeeding Medicine. 2016 Aug; 11(6): 315-20. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2016.0012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2016.0012

Boateng M. Knowledge, attitude and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Techiman, Ghana.

Aisha R, Batool F, Sultana S. Knowledge, attitude and practices about colostrum feeding among pregnant women in military hospital Rawalpindi of Pakistan. Open Journal of Nursing. 2016; 6(04): 309. doi: 10.4236/ojn.2016.64032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2016.64032

Tampah-Naah AM and Kumi-Kyereme A. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. International breastfeeding journal. 2013 Dec; 8(1): 1-6. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-8-13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4358-8-13

Van Dellen SA, Wisse B, Mobach MP, Dijkstra A. The effect of a breastfeeding support programme on breastfeeding duration and exclusivity: a quasi-experiment. BMC Public Health. 2019 Dec; 19(1): 1-2. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7331-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7331-y

Shehata WA, Aladawy MA, Bioumy AM. Myths and Facts About Breast Feeding in Primary Health Care Center in Sohag, Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2021 Oct; 85(1): 3109-15. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2021.194066 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2021.194066

Jia Choo P, Ryan K. A qualitative study exploring first time mothers’ experiences of breastfeeding in Singapore. Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare. 2016 Mar; 25(1): 5-12. doi: 10.1177/2010105815615992 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2010105815615992

Jama A, Gebreyesus H, Wubayehu T, Gebregyorgis T, Teweldemedhin M, Berhe T, et al. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life and its associated factors among children age 6-24 months in Burao district, Somaliland. International breastfeeding journal. 2020 Dec; 15: 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-0252-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-0252-7

France: higher education attainment 202. Statista. 2022. 8(16), 367-424.

https://www.statista.com/topics/7719/higher-education-in-france/#topicOverview

Bashir A, Mansoor S, Naikoo MY. Knowledge, attitude, and practices of postnatal mothers regarding breastfeeding: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2018 Sep; 7(9): 725. doi: 10.5455/ijmsph.2018.0309301062018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2018.0309301062018

Ayalew T. Exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among first-time mothers in Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia: A community based cross sectional study. Heliyon. 2020 Sep; 6(9). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04732 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04732

Hegazi MA, Allebdi M, Almohammadi M, Alnafie A, Al-Hazmi L, Alyoubi S. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in relation to knowledge, attitude and practice of breastfeeding mothers in Rabigh community, Western Saudi Arabia. World journal of pediatrics. 2019 Dec; 15: 601-9. doi: 10.1007/s12519-019-00275-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-019-00275-x

Khatun H, Comins CA, Shah R, Munirul Islam M, Choudhury N, Ahmed T. Uncovering the barriers to exclusive breastfeeding for mothers living in Dhaka’s slums: a mixed method study. International Breastfeeding Journal. 2018 Dec; 13: 1-1. doi: 10.1186/s13006-018-0186-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-018-0186-5

Hongo H, Nanishi K, Shibanuma A, Jimba M. Is baby-friendly breastfeeding support in maternity hospitals associated with breastfeeding satisfaction among Japanese mothers?. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2015 Jun; 19: 1252-62. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1631-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1631-8

Carrillo-Díaz M, Ortega-Martínez AR, Ruiz-Guillén A, Romero-Maroto M, González-Olmo MJ. Impact of breastfeeding and cosleeping on early childhood caries: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021 Apr; 10(8): 1561. doi: 10.3390/jcm10081561 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081561

Rito AI, Buoncristiano M, Spinelli A, Salanave B, Kunešová M, Hejgaard T, et al. Association between characteristics at birth, breastfeeding and obesity in 22 countries: The WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative–COSI 2015/2017. Obesity facts. 2019 Apr; 12(2):226-43.doi:10.1159/000500425 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000500425