Association Between Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome: Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Metabolic Syndrome

Hafiza  Neelam Muneeb; Maryam  Amjad; Hifsa  Mumtaz Khaliq; Kainat  Shaukat; Maria  Shabbir; Sidra  Shafique; Muhammad  Faizan Hamid

doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i8.749

Authors

Hafiza Neelam Muneeb Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Maryam Amjad Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Hifsa Mumtaz Khaliq Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Kainat Shaukat Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Maria Shabbir Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Sidra Shafique Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Faizan Hamid University of South Asia, Cantt campus, Lahore

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i8.749

Keywords:

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Urinary Incontinence, Stress Urinary Incontinence, Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

The failure to properly relax and coordinate your pelvic floor muscles in order to perform a bowel movement is known as pelvic floor dysfunction. The current cross-sectional study's goal is to establish a link between metabolic syndrome and pelvic floor disorders. The syndrome is made up of a number of variables, including “insulin resistance, visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, hereditary vulnerability, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulable condition, and psychological stress.” Objective: Association between “pelvic floor dysfunction and metabolic syndrome” in middle aged women. Methods: This article summarizes research from Jinnah Hospital that sought to ascertain the relationship between metabolic syndrome and abnormalities of the pelvic floor. 277 female patients were chosen for this cross-sectional investigation using a non-probability convenient sampling strategy. According to the inclusion criteria, information on female hospital patients aged 40 to 77 years old was gathered. Self-made questionnaires were filled by respective patients. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21. Results: There is no association between “pelvic floor dysfunction and metabolic syndrome” as the value is greater than 0.05. Conclusions: In middle-aged women, we were unable to find a connection between “metabolic syndrome and pelvic floor dysfunction.” We are well aware that women's dysfunction negatively impacts their quality of life and puts a strain on the nation as a whole on the socioeconomic front. Finding solutions to reduce this stress will benefit women and the nation as a whole in the long run.

References

Louis-Charles K, Biggie K, Wolfinbarger A, Wilcox B, Kienstra CM. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in the Female Athlete. Current sports medicine reports 2019 Feb; 18(2):49-52. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000563.

Stewart LE and Rardin CR. The Importance of a Multidisciplinary Approach to Pelvic Floor Disorders. In Female Pelvic Medicine 2021; 65-72. Springer, Cham.

Bordoni B, Sugumar K, Leslie SW. Anatomy, abdomen and pelvis, pelvic floor. Stat Pearls 2020.

Liu XZ and Wu AW. Role of multidisciplinary cooperation in the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic floor disorder disease, (in chi), Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi, 2021 Apr; 24(4): 306-309. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20210107-00006.

Pardo E, Rotem R, Glinter H, Erenberg M, Yahav L, Yohay Z, et al. Is there a correlation between pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms during pregnancy and the duration of the second stage of labor? Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2021 Jan; 1-6. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1850679.

Bø K. Pelvic floor muscle training in treatment of female stress urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapses and sexual dysfunction. World Journal of Clinical Urology 2012 Aug; 30(4):437-43. doi: 10.1007/s00345-011-0779-8.

Pinheiro FA, Sartorão Filho CI, Prudencio CB, Nunes SK, Pascon T, Hallur RLS, et al. Diamater Study Group. Pelvic floor muscle dysfunction at 3D transperineal ultrasound in maternal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study during pregnancy. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2022 Jun; 41(5):1127-1138. doi: 10.1002/nau.24927.

Barbosa AMP, Enriquez EMA, Rodrigues MRK, Prudencio CB, Atallah ÁN, Reyes DRA, et al. Diamater Study Group. Effectiveness of the pelvic floor muscle training on muscular dysfunction and pregnancy specific urinary incontinence in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review protocol. PLoS One. 2020 Dec; 15(12): e0241962. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241962.

Kim YH, Kim JJ, Kim SM, Choi Y, Jeon MJ. Association between metabolic syndrome and pelvic floor dysfunction in middle-aged to older Korean women. American Journal of Obstetrics and Genecology 2011 Jul; 205(1):71. e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.047.

Li X, Li N, Wen Y, Lyu ZY, Feng XS, Wei LP, et al. Metabolic syndrome components and renal cell cancer risk in Chinese males: a population-based prospective study. Zhonghua yu Fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]. 2020 Jun; 54(6):638-43.

Zhang D, Liu X, Liu Y, Sun X, Wang B, Ren Y, et al. Leisure-time physical activity and incident metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Metabolism. 2017 Oct; 75:36-44. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.001.

Yu XY, Li X, Wen Y, Yang ZY, Zheng YD, Feng XS, et al. Metabolic syndrome components and breast cancer risk in Chinese females: a population based prospective study. Zhonghua yu Fang yi xue za zhi. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2021 Mar; 55(3):359-64.

Micussi MT, Freitas RP, Angelo PH, Soares EM, Lemos TM, Maranhão TM. Evaluation of the relationship between the pelvic floor muscles and insulin resistance. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity. 2015 Aug; 8:409-13. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S85816.

Otunctemur A, Dursun M, Ozbek E, Sahin S, Besiroglu H, Koklu I, et al. Impact of metabolic syndrome on stress urinary incontinence in pre- and postmenopausal women. International Urology and Nephrology 2014 Aug; 46(8):1501-5. doi: 10.1007/s11255-014-0680-7.

Hirode G and Wong RJ. Trends in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the United States, 2011-2016. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020 Jun; 323(24):2526-2528. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4501.

Desy Handayani AF, Tala MR, Munthe IG, Sitepu M, Prabudi O, Edianto D. Correlation of Metabolic Syndrome with Pelvic Organ Prolaps Severity 2020.

Baytaroglu C and Sevgili E. Association of Metabolic Syndrome Components and Overactive Bladder in Women. Cureus. 2021 Apr; 13(4): e14765. doi: 10.7759/cureus.14765.

Johnston SL. Pelvic floor dysfunction in midlife women. Climacteric. 2019 Jun; 22(3):270-276. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1568402.

Ghandour L, Minassian V, Al-Badr A, Abou Ghaida R, Geagea S, Bazi T. Prevalence and degree of bother of pelvic floor disorder symptoms among women from primary care and specialty clinics in Lebanon: an exploratory study. The International Urogynecology Journal 2017 Jan; 28(1):105-118. doi: 10.1007/s00192-016-3080-y.

Huang H, Han X, Liu Q, Xue J, Yu Z, Miao S. Associations between metabolic syndrome and female stress urinary incontinence: a meta-analysis. The International Urogynecology Journal. 2022 Aug; 33(8):2073-2079. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-05025-0.